Nau'o'in Tace Daban-daban da Maɓallin Maɓalli

Nau'o'in Tace Daban-daban da Maɓallin Maɓalli

A ka'ida, za a iya raba matatun gani zuwa nau'i-nau'i da yawa, kuma ana gabatar da waɗannan nau'o'in nau'in tacewa a ƙasa.

1. Tace mai sha: Ana yin tacewa ta hanyar haɗa rini na musamman a cikin guduro ko kayan gilashi.Dangane da ikon ɗaukar haske na tsawon raƙuman ruwa daban-daban, yana iya taka rawar tacewa.Fitar gilashi masu launi sune aka fi amfani da su a kasuwa.Fa'idodinsa sun tsaya tsayin daka, iri ɗaya, ingancin katako mai kyau, da ƙarancin masana'anta, amma yana da lahani na babban fasfo, wanda ba kasafai ya kai 30nm ba.

2. Tacewar tsoma baki: Tacewar tsangwama tana ɗaukar hanyar rufewar injin, kuma an lulluɓe wani yanki na fim ɗin gani tare da ƙayyadaddun kauri a saman gilashin.Yawancin lokaci ana yin wani yanki na gilashin da fina-finai masu yawa, kuma ana amfani da ka'idar tsangwama don cin nasara Yana ba da damar raƙuman haske a cikin kewayon kewayon kewayo don wucewa.Akwai nau'ikan tacewa da yawa, kuma filayen aikace-aikacen su ma sun bambanta.Daga cikin su, mafi yawan abubuwan da ake amfani da su na tsangwama sun hada da matattarar bandpass, tace-kashe, da tacewa dichroic.

(1) Filters na bandpass na iya watsa haske na takamaiman tsayin igiya ko kunkuntar band, kuma haske a wajen fasfon ba zai iya wucewa ba.Babban alamomin gani na matatar bandpass sune: Tsawon zangon tsakiya (CWL), rabin bandwidth (FWHM), da watsawa (T%).Dangane da girman bandwidth, ana iya raba shi zuwa matattarar kunkuntar band tare da bandwidth na ƙasa da 30nm;matattarar watsa shirye-shirye tare da bandwidth fiye da 60nm.

(2) Tace mai yanke (Cut-off filter) na iya raba bakan zuwa yankuna biyu.Hasken da ke cikin wani yanki ba zai iya wucewa ta wannan yanki ba, wanda ake kira yankin yankewa, yayin da hasken da ke wani yanki zai iya wucewa gaba daya ta cikinsa, wanda ake kira yankin pass-band.Fitar da ake yankewa na yau da kullun sune matattarar wucewa mai tsayi da matattarar gajeriyar wucewa.Fitar wucewa mai tsayi mai tsayi: yana nufin takamaiman kewayon zangon igiyar ruwa, ana watsa madaidaicin tsayin igiyar ruwa, kuma an yanke hanyar gajeriyar igiyar ruwa, wacce ke taka rawa ta ware gajeriyar kalaman.Tace mai gajeriyar igiyar igiyar ruwa: Tacewar gajeriyar igiyar igiyar ruwa tana nufin takamaiman kewayon zangon igiyar ruwa, ana watsa madaidaicin gajeriyar igiyar ruwa, kuma an yanke hanyar mai tsayi, wanda ke taka rawar ware dogon igiyar ruwa.

(3) Fitar Dichroic (Dichroic filter) na iya zaɓar ƙaramin kewayon launuka waɗanda ke son wuce haske gwargwadon buƙatu, kuma suna nuna wasu launuka.Akwai wasu nau'ikan masu tacewa: Neutral Density Filters (Neutral Density Filters), wanda kuma aka sani da fina-finan attenuation, ana amfani da su don hana tushen haske mai ƙarfi daga lalata firikwensin kyamara ko abubuwan da ke gani, kuma suna iya ɗauka ko nuna hasken da bai shafe shi ba. .Bangaren hasken da aka watsa wanda ke rage watsawa iri ɗaya a wani yanki na bakan.

Babban aikin Fluorescence Filters shine don rarrabewa da zaɓar nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan haske mai ban sha'awa da fitar da walƙiya na abubuwa a cikin tsarin bincikar walƙiya na biomedical da tsarin bincike.Wani muhimmin sashi ne da ake amfani da shi a cikin kayan aikin kimiyyar halittu da na rayuwa.

Tace Astronomy wani nau'in tacewa ne da ake amfani da shi don rage tasirin gurɓataccen haske kan ingancin hoto yayin aiwatar da ɗaukar hotunan taurari.

Matsalolin tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki gabaɗaya an raba su zuwa shayewa da tunani.Matsakaicin tsaka tsaki mai nunawa yana ɗaukar ka'idar tsangwama na fim ɗin bakin ciki don watsa sashin haske kuma yayi la'akari da sauran ɓangaren hasken (yawanci ba sa amfani da waɗannan hasken da aka nuna), waɗannan hasken da ke haskakawa yana da sauƙi don samar da hasken da ya ɓace kuma ya rage daidaiton gwaji. , don haka Da fatan za a yi amfani da mai tattara hasken ABC don tattara hasken da ke haskakawa.Matsakaicin tsaka tsaki mai narkewa gabaɗaya yana nufin kayan da kansa ko bayan an gauraya wasu abubuwa a cikin kayan, waɗanda ke ɗaukar wasu takamaiman tsayin haske na haske, amma ba su da wani tasiri ko kaɗan akan sauran ma'aunin haske.Gabaɗaya, ƙofofin lalacewa na ɗaukar matattara mai tsaka tsaki ya ragu, kuma bayan amfani da dogon lokaci, ana iya samun samar da zafi, don haka yakamata a kula yayin amfani da su.

Maɓalli na Musamman don Tacewar gani

Fasfo: Matsakaicin tsayin raƙuman da haske ke iya wucewa ana kiran sa da wucewa.

Bandwidth (FWHM): Bandwidth kewayon tsawon tsayin da aka yi amfani da shi don wakiltar takamaiman yanki na bakan da ke wucewa ta wurin tacewa ta hanyar kuzarin abin da ya faru, wanda aka bayyana ta nisa a rabin mafi girman watsawa, wanda kuma aka sani da rabin nisa, a cikin nm.Misali: mafi girman watsawar tace shine 80%, sannan 1/2 shine 40%, kuma hagu da dama da tsayin tsayin daka daidai da 40% sune 700nm da 750nm, kuma rabin bandwidth shine 50nm.Waɗanda ke da faɗin rabin ƙasa da 20nm ana kiransu fil fil ɗin narrow-band, kuma waɗanda ke da rabin nisa fiye da 20nm ana kiran su filtar band-pass ko filtar fasinja mai faɗi.

Tsawon zangon tsakiya (CWL): Yana nufin tsayin watsawa kololuwa na bandpass ko matattara mai kunkuntar, ko tsayin tsayin tsayin matattarar bandstop, matsakaicin matsakaici tsakanin 1/2 zangon watsawa kololuwa, wato, bandwidth Midpoint of ake kira tsakiyar zango.

Transmittance (T): Yana nufin wucewar ikon band ɗin da aka yi niyya, wanda aka bayyana a cikin kaso, misali: filtar kololuwar watsawa (Tp)> 80%, tana nufin hasken da zai iya wucewa ta cikin tacewa bayan attenuation.Lokacin da matsakaicin ƙimar ya wuce 80%, mafi girman watsawa, mafi kyawun ƙarfin watsa haske.Yanke kewayon: Ana amfani da shi don wakiltar tazarar tsawon zangon yanki na makamashin da tacewa ya ɓace, wato kewayon tsayin daka a wajen mashigin wucewa.Ƙimar Yankewa (Block): watsawa mai dacewa da tsayin daka a cikin kewayon yanke, wanda kuma aka sani da zurfin yanke-kashe ana amfani da shi don bayyana matakin yanke-kashe na tacewa.Ba shi yiwuwa hasken wutar lantarki ya kai 0. Ta hanyar sanya watsawar tace kusa da sifili ne kawai za a iya yanke bakan da ba a so ba.Za'a iya auna ƙimar yankewa ta hanyar watsawa, kuma ana iya bayyana shi ta ƙimar gani (OD).Dangantakar jujjuyawar da ke tsakaninsa da watsawa (T) ita ce kamar haka: OD=log10(1/T) Nisa bandeji: bisa ga tace Zurfin yanke yanke ya bambanta, kuma mafi girman nisa da aka yarda tsakanin ƙayyadadden tace yanke- kashe zurfin da kuma 1/2 matsayi na kololuwar watsawa.Tsayin gefen: watau [(λT80-λT10)/λT10] *

Babban Nuni (HR): Yawancin hasken da ke wucewa ta cikin tacewa yana nunawa.

Babban watsawa (HT): watsawa yana da girma, kuma asarar makamashin hasken da ke wucewa ta cikin tace yana da ƙanƙanta.Kusurwar abin da ya faru: kusurwar da ke tsakanin hasken abin da ya faru da na al'ada na filin tace ana kiransa kusurwar abin da ya faru.Lokacin da hasken ya faru a tsaye, kusurwar abin da ya faru shine 0°.

Budewa mai inganci: Yankin zahiri wanda za'a iya amfani dashi da kyau a cikin na'urorin gani ana kiransa buɗaɗɗen inganci, wanda yawanci yayi kama da girman bayyanar matatar, mai tattarawa, kuma ɗan ƙarami a girman.Tsawon zangon farawa: Tsawon zangon farawa yana nufin tsayin tsayin da ya dace da lokacin da watsawa ya karu zuwa 1/2 na kololuwa a cikin tacewa mai tsayi, kuma wani lokacin ana iya bayyana shi azaman 5% ko 10% na kololuwa a cikin band- wucewa tace Tsawon igiyoyin da ke daidai da watsawa.

Tsawon igiyoyin yanke-kashe: Tsawon raƙuman da aka yanke yana nufin tsayin raƙuman da ya dace da lokacin da aka rage watsawa a cikin fil ɗin wucewar gajeriyar igiyar ruwa zuwa 1/2 na ƙimar kololuwa.A cikin tace band-pass, wani lokaci ana iya bayyana shi azaman kololuwar watsawa na 5% ko 10%.Tsawon tsayin da ya dace da ƙimar wucewa.

Ƙayyadaddun Fassara da Ma'aunin Ma'auni na Ingantattun Filters

Ingantacciyar tacewa galibi tana da lahani kamar karce da ramuka a saman.Mafi yawan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su don ingancin saman sune karce da ramuka da MIL-PRF-13830B kayyade.Ana ƙididdige sunan ramin ta hanyar rarraba diamita a cikin microns da 10, yawanci ƙayyadaddun ramin ramin za a kira shi daidaitaccen inganci a cikin kewayon 80 zuwa 50;inganci a cikin kewayon 60 zuwa 40;kuma za a yi la'akari da kewayon 20 zuwa 10 babban ingancin inganci.

Ingancin saman: ingancin saman ma'auni ne na daidaiton saman.Ana amfani da shi don auna karkatar da jirage kamar madubai, tagogi, prisms ko madubin lebur.Ana auna karkatar da santsi yawanci ta hanyar ƙimar corrugation (λ), wanda shine Ya ƙunshi tushen gwaji tare da tsayin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa da yawa, tsiri ɗaya ya dace da 1/2 tsayin raƙuman ruwa, kuma santsi shine 1λ, wanda ke wakiltar babban matakin inganci;santsi shine λ / 4, wanda ke wakiltar matakin inganci;santsi shine λ/20, yana wakiltar babban matakin inganci.

Haƙuri: Haƙurin tacewa ya fi girma akan tsaka-tsakin zangon tsakiya da rabi-bandwidth, don haka ana nuna kewayon juriyar samfuran tacewa.

Haƙuri na diamita: Gabaɗaya, tasirin juriyar juriyar diamita tace ba ta da kyau yayin amfani, amma idan na'urar gani za a ɗora a kan mariƙin, dole ne a yi la'akari da haƙurin diamita.Yawancin lokaci, haƙurin diamita a cikin (± 0.1 mm) ana kiransa inganci gabaɗaya, (± 0.05 mm) ana kiransa daidaitaccen inganci, kuma (± 0.01 mm) ana kiransa babban inganci.

Hakuri kauri na tsakiya: Kauri na tsakiya shine kauri na tsakiyar ɓangaren tacewa.Yawancin lokaci, ana kiran haƙuri na kauri na tsakiya (± 0.2mm) gabaɗaya, (± 0.05mm) ana kiransa daidaitaccen inganci, kuma (± 0.01mm) ana kiransa babban inganci.